HTML Symbols

HTML Symbols

In an HTML document the special characters or the reserved characters cannot be typed through the keyboard rather we use the character entity or character reference.

A character can also be displayed using the decimal and hex codes of that character. For example, to display ß we can use its decimal, hex and entity reference at the same time. To illustrate this consider the following example:

EXAMPLE

<p> Displaying &#223 ; using the Decimal code </p>

<p> Displaying &#df ; using the Hex code </p>

<p> Displaying &szlig ; using the Entity reference </p>

This will generate the following result:

this-will-generate-the-following-result


Method to display the mathematical Symbols

Character Decimal Number Character Entity
Pi (Π) &#928; &Pi;
Sigma (Σ) &#931; &Sigma;
Phi (Φ) &#934; &Phi;
Theta (θ) &#952; &theta;
iota (ι) &#953; &iota;
Element of (∈) &#8712; &isin;
Not an element of (∉) &#8713; &notin;
Radical (√) &#8730; &radic;
Congruent to (≅) &#8773; &cong;
Equivalent to (≡) &#8801; &equiv;
Subset (⊂)
&#8834; &sub;


Method to display alpha, beta, gamma etc. characters

Character Decimal Number Character Entity
Alpha (α) &#945; &alpha;
Beta (β) &#946; &beta;
Gamma (γ) &#947; &gamma;
Delta (δ) &#948; &delta;
Epsilon (ε) &#949; &epsilon;
zeta (ζ) &#950; &zeta;
eta (η) &#951; &eata ;

Some other HTML characters

Character Decimal Number Character Entity
Copy (©) &#169; &copy;
® &#174; &reg;
leftwards arrow (←) &#8592; &larr;
rightwards arrow (→ ) &#8594 ; &rarr;
upwards arrow (↑) &#8593; &uarr ;
downwards arrow (↓) &#8595; &darr;
Black spade suit (♠) &#9824; &spades;
Black club suit (♣) &#9827; &clubs ;
Black heart suit (♥) &#9829 ; &hearts;
Black diamond suit (♦) &#9830; &diams;